Wikipedia entries on specific locations almost give you an outline of information you should consider in writing about place.  Although the categories vary, most entries include these basics:

• History, a Map, Geography, Climate, Demographics, Notable People, Politics, Economy

In addition, the reference list at the end of an entry will point you to relevant sources for factual information:

• The area's official website
• Census and other demographic information
• Chamber of Commerce
• News articles or reference entries