Robert L (Lee) Williams, II

Published: St. Louis : Williams & Associates, c1981.
Description 184 p. ; 20 cm.

Published: St. Louis: Institute of Black Studies, [1975]
Note: "This book is the result of a national conference which dealt with cognitive and language development of the black child. The conference was held in St. Louis, Missouri in January, 1973."--Preface.

This book, The History of Black Psychologists: Profiles of Outstanding Black Psychologists is about the origins and development of African/Black psychology. It is essentially a sequel to Robert Guthrie's book Even the Rat Was White: a historical view of psychology (1976).  Whereas Guthrie's book contains the history of early Black Psychologists (as Drs. Francis Cecil Sumner, Kenneth Clark, and Martin Jenkins to name a few) from 1920 to 1950, this book contains valuable information from the 60's through 2000 about why, where, and when the Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi) was organized and developed.     In addition, the book includes the autobiographical and biographical profiles of the lives, achievements and contributions of nearly 50 outstanding Black psychologists.  There are many hard working, dedicated, and educated black men and women professionals whose success stories have not been told.  Although their peers and colleagues respect many of these professionals, only a select few have been reported as  "outstanding."   What is it, then, that qualifies one as being exceptional, above the ordinary and outstanding? It is hard to define in terms of human traits and accomplishments. What is easier is to provide examples rather than explanations of what it means to be outstanding. Such individuals who exemplify the definition of outstanding are many unknown Black Psychologists. This book will present some of these Scholar Activists.               It is apparent that the majority of the Black psychologists made it against the odds.  Many of these psychologists were born in southern states and had to migrate to northern states to receive a graduate education.  For Black achievement is invariably a triumph over odds, a victory over struggle. In order to receive graduate education these psychologists report how they had to overcome the destructive effects of racism.  Frequently, they were the only Black students in the graduate program.  But they still made it despite the racism present in their programs.    These are tremendous success stories.   

Published: [Jefferson City, Missouri] : [Missouri Division of Mental Health], [1974]
Call Number: University Archives Reference E185.625 .W55 1974
Note: Papers presented at two workshops on human relations for top level administrators, held by the Missouri Division of Mental Health at Bromwoods, Washington University's residential conference center, in May and June of 1973. Bibliography, Includes bibliographical references.

This book is about the process by which white children acquire racist attitudes. More specifically, it is a book about what white parents, relatives, media, schools and religious organizations teach children about African Americans. The main thesis of the book is racist attitudes are taught (and learned) at an early age through a process known as "racial scripting".  A Racial script is a series of programmed stereotypes and myths about a racial or ethnic group other than one's own.  After a racial script is learned, it can then be activated upon the appearance of race-specific stimuli in the environment.   Racial scripts guide the mind's eye in deciding what to perceive and what not to perceive. They work backstage, but may be activated and "pop into consciousness."  Scripts determine "see this and not that", that is,  scripts determine not only what we will notice, but what we do not notice.  An activated racial script dominates awareness. The scripts may be positive and influence accurate perceptions; they may be negative and pre-dispose one to false perceptions; they may be neutral and dispose one to unbiased perceptions or they may be mixed and influence ambivalent perceptions.  A racial script results from an early identification process by the immature child in which he/she adopts the parents' (the primary group) behaviors (scripts) and align his/her behavior with the realities of the home situation. The family is the basic institution through which children learn the fundamentals of life and parents are the primary agents of socialization. They define the child's world.  They teach the "three R's  (reading, writing and arithmetic). But, in addition to teaching children "the three R's" there is also another instructional system taught to young children called the fourth "R" or RACISM.         

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington Univ., 1961. Dept. of Psychology
Description: 123 leaves